What characterizes complete abruption?

Complete abruption, also known as complete placental abruption, is characterized by a total separation of the placenta from the uterine wall before delivery. This separation can lead to significant bleeding, often referred to as profuse vaginal bleeding. The detachment of the placenta can result in severe complications for both the mother and the fetus, as it interrupts the supply of blood and nutrients to the baby.

In cases of complete abruption, the severity of the separation means that it is critical to monitor and manage the condition promptly to prevent adverse outcomes. The significant loss of blood can put the mother at risk of hemorrhagic shock, and the fetus may experience distress due to the lack of adequate blood flow.

The other options describe varying degrees of placental separation that do not represent complete abruption. Minor separation with limited bleeding refers to a situation that is less severe and is not classified as complete. The mention of separation where the placenta remains attached does not accurately portray an abruption. Finally, intermediate separation marked by mild cramps indicates a less severe condition that does not reach the criteria for complete abruption. Thus, recognizing the hallmark of total separation with profuse bleeding is crucial for understanding the risks associated with this condition.