What does 'lightening' refer to in the context of pregnancy?

In the context of pregnancy, the term 'lightening' refers specifically to the engagement of the fetus in the pelvis, which typically occurs in the later stages of pregnancy as the baby's head descends into the pelvic cavity. This phenomenon often leads to a noticeable shift in a pregnant person's body, as they may feel a sense of relief in their upper abdomen due to reduced pressure on the diaphragm and lungs. Additionally, it can result in increased pelvic pressure and the need to urinate more frequently.

Lightening marks an important transition as the body prepares for labor. It signifies that the fetus is in a position to be born, often happening a few weeks before labor begins. Recognizing this sign can help expectant individuals understand that labor may be approaching. This stage is distinct from other aspects of labor preparation, such as changes in fetal movements, cervical changes, or the onset of actual contractions, which occur at later points in the labor process.