What severe condition can affect a fetus as a result of maternal toxoplasmosis?

Toxoplasmosis is an infection caused by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii, which can be particularly harmful during pregnancy if a woman becomes infected for the first time. If the parasite is transmitted to the fetus, it can lead to significant neurological impairment, resulting in severe neurological damage. This can manifest as a range of serious complications, including but not limited to microcephaly, seizures, developmental delays, and other cognitive impairments.

The timing of the infection during pregnancy can influence the severity of the fetal damage, with infections occurring in the first trimester generally leading to more severe outcomes, which highlights the importance of prevention and early detection in pregnant women. The potential for severe neurological complications underscores the necessity for prenatal care and testing for toxoplasmosis in at-risk populations.