What term describes the process of the ovum releasing from the ovary?

The process of the ovum releasing from the ovary is termed ovulation. This is a key phase in the menstrual cycle, typically occurring around the midpoint of the cycle. During ovulation, a mature egg is released from one of the ovaries and is then available for fertilization by sperm. This process is triggered by hormonal changes, including a surge in luteinizing hormone, which prepares the egg for release.

Understanding this term is crucial, as it relates directly to female reproductive health and fertility. Recognizing ovulation helps in not only comprehending the menstrual cycle but also in discussions about reproduction and contraception. The other terms do not pertain to the release of an ovum: fertilization refers to the successful union of sperm and egg, implantation is the embedding of a fertilized egg in the uterine lining, and menstruation is the shedding of the uterine lining when fertilization does not occur.